Authors
- Gaida Fedor A. Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor
Annotation
The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the issue of power is central to any revolution. The purpose of the study is to clarify the relationship between political and legal reality in the period between the February Revolution of 1917 and the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in January 1918. The ability of the evolutionary government to strengthen its political position by formalizing the legal space directly affected the strength of its position. The author comes to the conclusion that the act of March 2, 1917 was not only a renunciation, but also changed the political system of the country: people’s sovereignty was proclaimed. The act of March 3 was essentially only a political declaration: Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich did not assume power, but only turned to citizens with a request to support new revolutionary institutions. Immediately after the creation of the Provisional Government, it decided to remove the parliament from real power. All the compositions and programs of the Provisional Government, starting from May, were determined at the negotiations between representatives of the government itself and the Soviets. In October, the II Congress of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies supported the creation of a Provisional Workers’ and Peasants’ Government (Sovnarkom). Until the Constituent Assembly, the composition of the Council of People’s Commissars changed several times, which was fixed by the decision of the soviets. The way the government was formed both before and after October 1917 remained the same, but now it could officially rely on the system of soviets. The scope of powers of the Constituent Assembly was not stipulated in any way. The Constituent Assembly did not discuss the question of its own quorum. After the departure of the Bolsheviks and the Left SRs, less than one third of the number of deputies determin.
How to link insert
Gaida, F. A. (2022). THE PROBLEM OF SUPREME POWER IN RUSSIA IN FEBRUARY 1917 – JANUARY 1918: LEGAL AND POLITICAL REALITY Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", 2022, №3 (47), 5. https://doi.org/10.25688/20-76-9105.2022.47.3.01
References
1.
1. Gayda F. A. Liberal`naia oppozitsiia na putiakh k vlasti (1914 – vesna 1917 g.) [Liberal opposition on the way to power (1914 – spring 1917)]. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2003. 432 p. (In Russ.)
2.
2. Nikolaev A. B. Dumskaia revoliutsiia: 27 fevralia – 3 marta 1917 goda: v 2 t. [Duma Revolution: February 27 – March 3, 1917: in 2 volumes]. St. Petersburg: Izd-vo RGPU im. A. I. Gertsena, 2017. (In Russ.).
3.
3. Nikolaev A. B. Revoliutsiia i vlast`: IV Gosudarstvennaia duma 27 fevralia – 3 marta 1917 g. [Revolution and power: IV State Duma February 27 – March 3, 1917]. 2-e izd., dop. i pererab. St. Petersburg:: Izd-vo RGPU im. A. I. Gertsena, 2005. 695 p. (In Russ.).
4.
4. Protasov L. G. Vserossiiskoe Uchreditel’noe sobranie: istoriia rozhdeniia i gibeli [The All-Russian Constituent Assembly: the history of birth and death]. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 1997. 368 p. (In Russ.).
5.
5. Rudneva S. E. Demokraticheskoe soveshchanie (sentiabr` 1917 g.): Istoriia foruma [Democratic Conference (September 1917): History of the Forum]. Moscow: Nauka, 2000. 256 p. (In Russ.).
6.
6. Rudneva S. E. Predparlament: oktiabr` 1917 g. Opyt istoricheskoi rekonstruktsii [Pre-parliament: October 1917. Experience of historical reconstruction]. Moscow: Nauka, 2006. 279 p. (In Russ.).
7.
7. Startsev V. I. Revoliutsiia i vlast`. Petrogradskii Sovet i Vremennoe pravitel`stvo v marte – aprele 1917 goda [Revolution and power. The Petrograd Soviet and the Provisional Government in March – April 1917]. Moscow: Nauka, 1978. 256 p. (In Russ.).
8.
8. Rosenberg W. G. Liberals in the Russian Revolution: The Constitutional Democratic Party, 1917–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1974. 560 p.