Authors
- Kultygin Ivan N.
Annotation
The article examines the activities of American missionaries in the Middle East in the context of American-Ottoman relations in the 19th century based on sources and relevant analytical materials. The purpose of the article is to try to answer the question: were the missionaries more of an irritant that hindered the United States in its policy towards the Ottoman Empire, or were they a useful asset that allowed strengthening the position of the United States in the region? The study found that the main goal of American-Ottoman relations was stable and growing trade. At the same time, against the background of internal cultural and religious processes, another goal of the United States was to support American Protestant missionaries. The work of Protestant missionaries, which eventually focused on educational and publishing activities, caused constant contradictions in American-Ottoman relations, which, however, did not destroy American-Ottoman relations due to the mutual need for each other, both in the economic, cultural and political spheres. At the same time, missionaries acted as agents of US “soft power”, creating a “loyalty network” consisting of local intelligentsia, which later provided the United States with the opportunity to penetrate the Middle East on par with the Great Powers of the Old World.
How to link insert
Kultygin, I. N. (2025). AMERICAN MISSIONARIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST AS A FACTOR IN AMERICAN-OTTOMAN RELATIONS IN THE 19th CENTURY Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", № 4 (60), 155. https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-9105-2025-460-155-167
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