Authors
- Mirzoev Evgeny B. Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor
Annotation
Galatian invasion in Macedonia and adjacent areas in 279 BC was a coordinated attack by three armies. The military resources of Ptolemy Ceraunus were weakened by internal conflicts in Macedonia and were divided by the threat of invasion from different directions. Information about the circumstances of the death of the king sheds light on the feature of the battle with the Galatians and suggests that numerical superiority of the enemy and the unsuccessful use of war elephants in the battle were among the reasons for the defeat of Ceraunus.
How to link insert
Mirzoev, E. B. (2024). THE CONFLICT BETWEEN PTOLEMY CERAUNUS AND THE GALATIANS IN 279 BC.: GENERAL COURSE OF THE CAMPAIGN AND REASONS FOR THE DEFEAT OF THE MACEDONIANS Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series "Pedagogy and Psychology", № 4 (56), 159. https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-9105-2024-456-159-172
References
1.
1. Anastassov J. The Celtic presence in Thrace during the 3rd century BC in the light of new archaeological data // The Eastern Celts. The Communities between the Alps and the Black See / ed. by M. Guštin, M. Jevtić. Koper; Beograd: University of Primorska, 2011. P. 227–239.
2.
2. Campbell D. R. J. The so-called Galatae, Celts, and Gauls in the Early Hellenistic Balkans and the Attack on Delphi in 280–279 BC: PhD thesis / University of Leicester. Leicester, 2009. 355 p.
3.
3. Džino D. The Celts in Illyricum-whoever they may be: the hybridization and construction of identities in Southeastern Europe in the fourht and third centuries BC // Opuscula Archaeologica. 2007. Vol. 31. 2007. P. 49–68.
4.
4. Errington R. M. A history of Macedonia. Berkeley; Los Angeles; Oxford: University of California Press, 1990. 333 p.
5.
5. Grainger J. D. Seleukos Nikator. Constructing a Hellenistic Kingdom. London: Routledge, 1990. 276 p.
6.
6. Hammond N. G. L. A history of Macedonia. Vol. 1. Historical Geography and Prehistory. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972. 493 p.
7.
7. Hammond N. G. L. Which Ptolemy gave troops and stood as protector of Pyrrhus’ Kingdom? // Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 1988. Bd. 37. H. 4. P. 405–413.
8.
8. Hammond N. G. L.; Walbank F. W. A history of Macedonia. Vol. 3. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988. 692 p.
9.
9. Heinen H. Untersuchungen zur hellenistischen Geschichte des 3. Jahrhunderts v. Chr. Zur Geschichte der Zeit des Ptolemaios Keraunos und zum chremonideischen Krieg. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1972. 229 S. (Historia Einzelschriften, 20).
10.
10. Mitrevski D. The treasure from Tremnik and some traces of the Celts in the Vardar valley // The Eastern Celts. The communities between the Alps and the Black Sea / ed. by M. Guštin, M. Jevtić. Koper; Beograd: University of Primorska, 2011. P. 199–206.
11.
11. Nachtergael G. Les Galates en Grèce et les Sôtéria de Delphes. Recherches d’histoire et d’épigraphie hellénistiques. Bruxelles: Palais des Académies, 1977. 546 p.
12.
12. Rustoiu A. The Celts and indigenous populations from the Southern Carpathian Basin. Intercommunity communication strategies // Iron Age rites and rituals in the Carpathian Basin: proceedings of the International colloquium from Târgu Mureş / ed. by S. Berecki. Târgu Mureș: Editura Mega, 2012. P. 357–390.
13.
13. Rustoiu A. Thracians – Illyrians – Celts. Cultural connections in the Northern Balkans in the 4th – 3rd centuries BC // Starinar. 2017. Vol. 67. P. 33–52.
14.
14. Sánchez F. L. Galatians in Macedonia (280–277 BC): invasion or invitation? // War, warlords, and interstate relations in the Ancient Mediterranean / ed. by T. del Hoyo, F. L. Sánchez. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2018. P. 183–203.
15.
15. Spickermann W. ‘Blitz gegen Blitz’. Neue Überlegungen zur Niederlage des Ptolemaios Keraunos gegen die Kelten 279 v. Chr. // Gymnasium. 2010. Bd. 117. H. 4. S. 345–366.
16.
16. Strobel K. Die Galater. Geschichte und Eigenart der keltischen Staatenbildung auf dem Boden des hellenistischen Kleinasien. Band 1: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und historischen Geographie des hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien. Berlin: De Gruyter Akademie Forschung, 1996. 296 p.
17.
17. Szabó M. Les Celtes de l’Est. Le second Âge du Fer dans la cuvette des Karpates. Paris: Errance, 1992. 205 p.
18.
18. Vujčić N. The army of Lysimachus after Corupedium // Antiquité Vivante. 2019. Vol. 69. № 1–2. P. 109–122.
19.
19. Sowa W. Linguistic and cross-cultural relations in and around Galatia (3rd century BC – 3rd century AD) // Galatian victories and other studies into the agency and identity of the Galatians in the Hellenistic and early Roman periods / ed. by Coşkun Altay. Leuven: Peeters, 2022. P. 235–256 (Colloquia antiqua. Vol. 33).